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\u8056\u66f8\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u80cc\u666f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u8056\u66f8\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u904b\u52d5\u306f\u30011870\u5e74\u4ee3\u306b\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u5408\u8846\u56fd\u3067\u3001\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u56de\u5fa9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u7267\u5e2b Charles Taze Russell \u306e\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u306e\u9593\u3067\u767a\u5c55\u3057\u305f\u30021880\u5e74\u4ee3\u306b\u30e9\u30c3\u30bb\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u5b97\u6559\u6d3b\u52d5\u3092\u6307\u5c0e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u8056\u66f8\u518a\u5b50\u5354\u4f1a\uff08Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society\uff09\u3092\u8a2d\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1881\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u8056\u66f8\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u306e\u5ba3\u6559\u5e2b\u304c\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u3078\u6d3e\u9063\u3055\u308c\u30011900\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u6700\u521d\u306e\u6d77\u5916\u652f\u90e8\u304c\u30ed\u30f3\u30c9\u30f3\u306b\u958b\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u56e3\u4f53\u306f International Bible Students Association\uff08\u540c\u540d\u6cd5\u4eba\u3068\u306f\u5225\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u79f0\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u30011914\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u306b\u306f\u30ab\u30ca\u30c0\u3001\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u3001\u30aa\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30ea\u30a2\u306a\u3069\u3067\u3082\u6d3b\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002[4]\n\n\n\n

1916\u5e74\u306b\u30e9\u30c3\u30bb\u30eb\u304c\u6b7b\u53bb\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u306f\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u7d44\u7e54\u306b\u5206\u88c2\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3001Joseph Franklin Rutherford \u306b\u7387\u3044\u3089\u308c\u305f\u7d44\u7e54\u304c\u3001\u30e9\u30c3\u30bb\u30eb\u5275\u8a2d\u306e\u300c\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u300d\u304a\u3088\u3073 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society \u306e\u652f\u914d\u6a29\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u6307\u5c0e\u4e0b\u3067\u3001International Bible Students Association \u306f\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u6559\u7fa9\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u9577\u671f\u4f1a\u54e1\u304c\u7d44\u7e54\u3092\u96e2\u308c\u305f\u3002[5] \u3057\u304b\u3057\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u4f1d\u9053\u65b9\u6cd5\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7279\u306b1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u534a\u3070\u306b\u56e3\u4f53\u306f\u6025\u901f\u306b\u518d\u6210\u9577\u3057\u305f\u3002[6] 1931\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u300cJehovah\u2019s witnesses\uff08\u30a8\u30db\u30d0\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u79f0\u304c\u63a1\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3001[7] \u30e9\u30c3\u30bb\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u305f\u3061\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u3073\u4ed8\u304d\u306f\u3055\u3089\u306b\u65ad\u305f\u308c\u305f\u3002[8]\n\n\n\n

1931\u20131942\u5e74<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u3001\u300cJehovah\u2019s witnesses\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u79f0\u304c\u63a1\u7528\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3092\u3001\u5143\u6765\u306e\u8056\u66f8\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u904b\u52d5\u3068\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u5206\u96e2\u306e\u65e5\u4ed8\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30021931\u5e747\u670826\u65e5\u3001\u30aa\u30cf\u30a4\u30aa\u5dde\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d0\u30b9\u3067\u306e\u5927\u4f1a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u4e0d\u6e80\u3092\u62b1\u304f\u591a\u6570\u306e\u8056\u66f8\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u305f\u3061\u3068\u306e\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u65ad\u7d76\u3092\u56f3\u308a\u3001\u30a4\u30b6\u30e4\u66f843\u7ae010\u7bc0\u300c\u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\u305f\u306f\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3001\u3068\u4e3b\u306f\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u308b\u300d\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u3053\u306e\u540d\u79f0\u306e\u63a1\u7528\u3092\u63d0\u6848\u3057\u305f\u3002[9] \u300e\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u300f\u8a8c\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u304f\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u540d\u79f0\u306f\u795e\u306e\u540d\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u3001\u300c\u8056\u66f8\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u79f0\u3092\u6301\u3064\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u5897\u6b96\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u305f\u516c\u8846\u306e\u6df7\u4e71\u3092\u7d42\u308f\u3089\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u300c\u4ed6\u8005\u306b\u306f\u4f7f\u7528\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u4ed6\u8005\u3082\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3089\u306a\u3044\u540d\u79f0\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u3002[10][11]\n\n\n\n

\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u306f1920\u5e74\u4ee3\u306b\u3001\u4eca\u65e5\u3067\u3082\u30a8\u30db\u30d0\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u304c\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u308b\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u4f1d\u9053\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u3059\u3067\u306b\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u6238\u5225\u8a2a\u554f\u4f1d\u9053\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u30e9\u30b8\u30aa\u653e\u9001\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u56e3\u4f53\u306e\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u5e83\u3081\u305f\u30021931\u5e74\u306e\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u8b1b\u6f14\u306f\u5317\u7c73\u3001\u30aa\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30ea\u30a2\u3001\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u5168\u57df\u306b\u653e\u9001\u3055\u308c\u305f\u304c\u3001\u8056\u8077\u8005\u3078\u306e\u653b\u6483\u304c\u3042\u307e\u308a\u306b\u6fc0\u70c8\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001NBC \u3068 BBC \u306e\u4e21\u30e9\u30b8\u30aa\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306f\u5f7c\u306e\u653e\u9001\u3092\u7981\u6b62\u3057\u305f\u3002[12] \u3055\u3089\u306b1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u534a\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300c\u30b5\u30a6\u30f3\u30c9\u30ab\u30fc\u300d\u3084\u643a\u5e2f\u578b\u84c4\u97f3\u6a5f\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u3092\u63a8\u9032\u3057\u3001\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u8b1b\u6f14\u3092\u901a\u884c\u4eba\u3084\u5404\u5bb6\u5ead\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3066\u518d\u751f\u3057\u305f\u3002[13]\n\n\n\n

\u5e74\u8868\u20141931\u20131942\u5e74<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1931\u5e74\u3000\u540d\u79f0\u3092\u300cJehovah\u2019s witnesses\u300d\u306b\u5909\u66f4
1942\u5e74\u3000\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u6b7b\u53bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1932\u5e74\u3001\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u4f1a\u8846\u304c\u9577\u8001\u56e3\u3092\u9078\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u5236\u5ea6\u3092\u5ec3\u6b62\u3057\u3001\u9577\u8001\u8077\u306f\u8056\u66f8\u7684\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u305f\u3002[14] 1938\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u524d\u306e\u4f1a\u8846\u81ea\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u3092\u3001\u300c\u795e\u653f\u7684\uff08theocratic\uff09\u300d\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u300c\u795e\u306b\u7d71\u6cbb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u7d44\u7e54\u5236\u5ea6\u3078\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5236\u5ea6\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30d6\u30eb\u30c3\u30af\u30ea\u30f3\u672c\u90e8\u304c\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u306e\u4f1a\u8846\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u4efb\u547d\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002[15][16]\n\n\n\n

\u300eConsolation\u300f\u8a8c\u306f\u3001\u300c\u795e\u653f\u5236\u5ea6\u306f\u73fe\u5728\u3001Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society \u306b\u3088\u308a\u7ba1\u7406\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4f1a\u9577\u517c\u7dcf\u652f\u914d\u4eba\u306f\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u5224\u4e8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u3002[17] \u4ee5\u524d\u304b\u3089\u653f\u6cbb\u306b\u95a2\u5fc3\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u3084\u4f01\u696d\u3067\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u7528\u8a9e\u3092\u7d44\u7e54\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3057\u305f\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u306a\u4fe1\u8005\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u3059\u969b\u306b\u306f\u300c\u4f1a\u8846\uff08congregation\uff09\u300d\u306b\u4ee3\u3048\u3066\u300c\u7d44\u7e54\uff08organization\uff09\u300d\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3001\u500b\u3005\u306e\u4f1a\u8846\u306f\u300c\u4f1a\u793e\uff08companies\uff09\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u738b\u56fd\u306e\u300c\u5ba3\u4f1d\uff08advertising\uff09\u300d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u300c\u91ce\u5916\u5949\u4ed5\u300d\u3084\u300c\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30f3\u300d\u3092\u63a8\u9032\u3057\u3001\u300c\u4f1d\u9053\u8005\uff08publishers\uff09\u300d\u306f\u91ce\u5916\u5949\u4ed5\u306e\u300c\u30ad\u30e3\u30d7\u30c6\u30f3\u300d\u306e\u6307\u63ee\u4e0b\u3067\u6d3b\u52d5\u3057\u305f\u3002[18]\n\n\n\n

\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u3082\u3068\u3067\u3001\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u306b\u6240\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u96c6\u56e3\u306f\u30011928\u5e74\u306e\u7d0444,000\u4eba\u306e\u8056\u66f8\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304b\u3089\u30011942\u5e741\u67088\u65e5\u306e\u5f7c\u306e\u6b7b\u53bb\u6642\u306b\u306f\u7d04115,000\u4eba\u306e\u30a8\u30db\u30d0\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u3078\u3068\u6210\u9577\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6559\u7fa9\u5909\u66f4<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1931\u5e74\u3001\u30ab\u30ea\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30cb\u30a2\u5dde\u30b5\u30f3\u30c7\u30a3\u30a8\u30b4\u306e\u30d9\u30b9\u30fb\u30b5\u30ea\u30e0\u90b8\u5b85\u306b\u3044\u308b J. F. \u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u304b\u30891940\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u982d\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3001\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u4e00\u5e74\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3092\u3001\u30ab\u30ea\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30cb\u30a2\u5dde\u30b5\u30f3\u30c7\u30a3\u30a8\u30b4\u306b\u5efa\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8c6a\u83ef\u306a\u5225\u8358\u300c\u30d9\u30b9\u30fb\u30b5\u30ea\u30e0\u300d\u3067\u904e\u3054\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5efa\u7269\u306f\u3001\u30cf\u30eb\u30de\u30b2\u30c9\u30f3\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u5fa9\u6d3b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u671f\u5f85\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u8056\u66f8\u4e2d\u306e\u300c\u541b\u305f\u3061\u300d\u3092\u8fce\u3048\u308b\u76ee\u7684\u3067\u5efa\u3066\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002[19][20]\n\n\n\n

1935\u5e74\u3001\u300e\u9ed9\u793a\u9332\u300f7\u7ae0\u306e\u300c\u5927\u7fa4\u8846\uff08great company\uff09\u300d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u5929\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5730\u4e0a\u3067\u30cf\u30eb\u30de\u30b2\u30c9\u30f3\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u8005\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[21] \u4ee5\u5f8c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u3078\u306e\u6539\u5b97\u8005\u306f\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u3001\u3075\u3055\u308f\u3057\u3044\u3068\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308c\u3070\u697d\u5712\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u5730\u4e0a\u3067\u306e\u751f\u547d\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u8cc7\u683c\u3092\u6301\u3064\u8005\u3068\u7406\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002[22]\n\n\n\n

1935\u5e74\u3001\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u56fd\u65d7\u656c\u793c\u3001\u56fd\u6b4c\u8d77\u7acb\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5175\u5f79\u826f\u5fc3\u7684\u62d2\u5426\u8005\u5411\u3051\u306e\u4ee3\u66ff\u5949\u4ed5\u3092\u62d2\u5426\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3060\u3068\u6559\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002\u300e\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u300f\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u3067\u306f1936\u5e74\u306b\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u304a\u3088\u3073\u78d4\u5211\u3078\u306e\u8a00\u53ca\u304c\u6d88\u3048\u3001\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u300c\u676d\uff08tree\uff09\u300d\u3067\u6b7b\u3093\u3060\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[23] 1939\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u306b\u3001\u300e\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u300f\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u306f\u3001\u795e\u306e\u300c\u7d44\u7e54\u300d\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u8005\u306e\u307f\u304c\u30cf\u30eb\u30de\u30b2\u30c9\u30f3\u3067\u6551\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3068\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u3002[24]\n\n\n\n

\u8feb\u5bb3\u3068\u53cd\u5bfe<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u8a18\u4e8b\uff1aPersecution of Jehovah\u2019s Witnesses<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1935\u5e74\u3001\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f\u56fd\u65d7\u656c\u793c\u3001\u56fd\u6b4c\u8d77\u7acb\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5175\u5f79\u826f\u5fc3\u7684\u62d2\u5426\u8005\u5411\u3051\u306e\u4ee3\u66ff\u5949\u4ed5\u3092\u62d2\u5426\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3060\u3068\u6559\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u30021936\u5e74\u672b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u5b66\u6821\u3067\u3001\u56fd\u65d7\u656c\u793c\u3092\u62d2\u5426\u3057\u305f\u8a3c\u4eba\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u305f\u3061\u304c\u9000\u5b66\u51e6\u5206\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u59cb\u3081\u305f\u30021940\u5e746\u6708\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u9023\u90a6\u6700\u9ad8\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u304c\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u306b\u306f\u898f\u5f8b\u306b\u5f93\u308f\u306a\u3044\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u3092\u9000\u5b66\u3055\u305b\u308b\u6a29\u5229\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5dde\u304c\u56fd\u65d7\u656c\u793c\u3092\u7fa9\u52d9\u3065\u3051\u308b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3092\u5236\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u305f\u3061\u3092\u9000\u5b66\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6700\u9ad8\u88c1\u5224\u6c7a\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5c0f\u90fd\u5e02\u3084\u8fb2\u6751\u5730\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u66b4\u529b\u306e\u6ce2\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u6bb4\u6253\u3055\u308c\u3001\u53bb\u52e2\u3055\u308c\u3001\u30bf\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u5857\u3089\u308c\u7fbd\u6bdb\u3092\u6d74\u3073\u305b\u3089\u308c\u3001\u4e00\u90e8\u3067\u306f\u6bba\u5bb3\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[25][26][27]\n\n\n\n

1940\u5e74\u304b\u30891944\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u306b\u30012,500\u4ef6\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304c\u5831\u544a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u6570\u767e\u4eba\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u304c\u902e\u6355\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6cbb\u5b89\u59a8\u5bb3\u7f6a\u306a\u3069\u3067\u8d77\u8a34\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u8a3c\u8a00\u6d3b\u52d5\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30f3\u3067\u5fdc\u3058\u3001\u6570\u767e\u4eba\u5358\u4f4d\u3067\u6575\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u753a\u3078\u5165\u308a\u3001\u300c\u60c5\u5831\u884c\u9032\uff08information marches\uff09\u300d\u3092\u7d44\u7e54\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u884c\u9032\u306f\u7d0410\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\uff086.2\u30de\u30a4\u30eb\uff09\u306b\u3082\u53ca\u3073\u3001\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306f\u30b5\u30f3\u30c9\u30a4\u30c3\u30c1\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u8eab\u306b\u3064\u3051\u3001\u30d7\u30e9\u30ab\u30fc\u30c9\u3084\u6a2a\u65ad\u5e55\u3092\u63b2\u3052\u305f\u3002[25][26][27]\n\n\n\n

\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4f1d\u9053\u6d3b\u52d5\u304c\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u3001\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u672c\u90e8\u306f\u63a5\u53ce\u30fb\u9589\u9396\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u304c\u7121\u8a31\u53ef\u884c\u5546\u306a\u3069\u306e\u7f6a\u3067\u8d77\u8a34\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30021933\u5e74\u3001Adolf Hitler \u306e\u653f\u6a29\u638c\u63e1\u5f8c\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u306e\u5236\u9650\u306f\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5f37\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3001\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u6271\u3044\u306b\u6297\u8b70\u3057\u4f1d\u9053\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u300c\u4e8b\u5b9f\u5ba3\u8a00\uff08Declaration of Facts\uff09\u300d\u3092200\u4e07\u90e8\u4ee5\u4e0a\u914d\u5e03\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f\u8077\u3092\u5931\u3044\u3001\u7d042,000\u4eba\u304c\u5f37\u5236\u53ce\u5bb9\u6240\u306b\u53ce\u76e3\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[28][29] \u30a8\u30db\u30d0\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u306f\u3001\u30ca\u30c1\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u6700\u521d\u306b\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6700\u3082\u5e83\u7bc4\u306b\u8feb\u5bb3\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u96c6\u56e3\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002[30]\n\n\n\n

\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f\u6295\u7344\u3055\u308c\u62f7\u554f\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u3002[31] \u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3001\u30ab\u30ca\u30c0\u3001\u30aa\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30ea\u30a2\u3001\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u3067\u3082\u3001\u4f1a\u54e1\u306f\u826f\u5fc3\u7684\u5175\u5f79\u62d2\u5426\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6295\u7344\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f1936\u5e74\u306b\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u30011940\u5e747\u6708\u306b\u30ab\u30ca\u30c0\u3001[32] 1941\u5e741\u6708\u306b\u30aa\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30ea\u30a2\u3067\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[33][34] \u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u6307\u5c0e\u4e0b\u3067\u3001\u4f1d\u9053\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u304a\u3088\u3073\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u3078\u306e\u4e0d\u53c2\u52a0\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6cd5\u52d9\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30d5\u304c\u6574\u5099\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30021938\u5e74\u304b\u30891955\u5e74\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3001\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u306f\u5b97\u6559\u95a2\u9023\u8a34\u8a1f45\u4ef6\u4e2d36\u4ef6\u3067\u52dd\u8a34\u3057\u305f\u3002[35] \u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6cd5\u5ef7\u95d8\u4e89\u306f\u3001\u4e21\u56fd\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a00\u8ad6\u30fb\u5b97\u6559\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u3092\u5927\u304d\u304f\u62e1\u5927\u3059\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002[36]\n\n\n\n

\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u30b9\u30c8 Barbara Grizzuti Harrison\u3001William Whalen\u3001Alan Rogerson\u3001William Schnell \u3089\u306e\u8457\u8ff0\u5bb6\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u56e3\u4f53\u304c\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u88ab\u5bb3\u306b\u52a0\u62c5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306b\u3088\u308c\u3070\u3001\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f\u6559\u4f1a\u3084\u56fd\u5bb6\u3092\u5632\u7b11\u3057\u4e2d\u50b7\u3059\u308b\u6f2b\u753b\u3084\u66f8\u7c4d\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u6311\u767a\u7684\u306a\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u96c6\u4f1a\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u5f53\u5c40\u3092\u523a\u6fc0\u3057\u3001\u753a\u3078\u5927\u91cf\u306e\u4f1d\u9053\u8005\u3092\u9001\u308a\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306a\u6b89\u6559\u8def\u7dda\u306f\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u304b\u3089\u758e\u5916\u3055\u308c\u6291\u5727\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4eba\u3005\u3092\u60f9\u304d\u3064\u3051\u308b\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u795e\u306b\u4ed5\u3048\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u4e2d\u3067\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u304b\u3089\u5f37\u3044\u53cd\u5bfe\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u3001\u300c\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u300d\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3059\u308b\u771f\u7406\u3092\u88cf\u3065\u3051\u308b\u8a3c\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u305f\u3068\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002[37][38][39][40]\n\n\n\n

1942\u20131975\u5e74<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5e74\u8868\u20141942\u20131975\u5e74<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1942\u5e74\u3000\u30af\u30ce\u30fc\u30a2\u3001\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u4f1a\u9577\u306b\u9078\u51fa
1950\u5e74\u3000\u300e\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u8a33\u8056\u66f8\u300f\u7ffb\u8a33\u958b\u59cb\uff081961\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\uff09
1966\u5e74\u30001975\u5e74\u304c\u30cf\u30eb\u30de\u30b2\u30c9\u30f3\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3042\u308b\u5e74\u3068\u3057\u3066\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u8056\u66f8\u518a\u5b50\u5354\u4f1a\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u672c\u90e8<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u5f8c\u7d99\u8005\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u306e\u306f Nathan Homer Knorr \u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u30af\u30ce\u30fc\u30a2\u4f1a\u9577\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u306f\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u652f\u914d\u304b\u3089\u6cd5\u4eba\u7d44\u7e54\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6307\u5c0e\u3078\u306e\u79fb\u884c\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u30021942\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u5354\u4f1a\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u3067\u306f\u57f7\u7b46\u8005\u540d\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u533f\u540d\u306e\u300c\u57f7\u7b46\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\uff08Writing Committee\uff09\u300d\u306b\u5e30\u5c5e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002[41] 1944\u5e74\u9803\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u7d71\u6cbb\u4f53\uff08governing body\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7528\u8a9e\u304c\u4e00\u5b9a\u983b\u5ea6\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u59cb\u3081\u3001\u5f53\u521d\u306f\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u306e7\u4eba\u304b\u3089\u6210\u308b\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002[42]\n\n\n\n

\u30af\u30ce\u30fc\u30a2\u306f\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u672c\u90e8\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u305f\u3081\u30d6\u30eb\u30c3\u30af\u30ea\u30f3\u3067\u4e0d\u52d5\u7523\u53d6\u5f97\u904b\u52d5\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u3067\u5370\u5237\u751f\u7523\u3092\u62e1\u5927\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u30011920\u5e74\u4ee3\u306e\u30e9\u30b6\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u6642\u4ee3\u3092\u4e0a\u56de\u308b\u898f\u6a21\u306e\u56fd\u969b\u5927\u4f1a\u3092\u7d44\u7e54\u3057\u305f\u30021958\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u5e02\u306e\u30e4\u30f3\u30ad\u30fc\u30fb\u30b9\u30bf\u30b8\u30a2\u30e0\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30dd\u30ed\u30fb\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\u30f3\u30ba\u306e\u4e8c\u4f1a\u5834\u306b25\u4e073\u5343\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u304c\u96c6\u307e\u308a\u30018\u65e5\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u5927\u4f1a\u30677,000\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u304c\u30d0\u30d7\u30c6\u30b9\u30de\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u3002[43] \u305d\u306e\u307b\u304b\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3001\u30ab\u30ca\u30c0\u3001\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u3067\u3082\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u5927\u4f1a\u304c\u958b\u50ac\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f7c\u306f\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u306f\u5ba3\u6559\u5e2b\u8a13\u7df4\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u300c\u30ae\u30ec\u30a2\u30c7\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u8056\u66f8\u5b66\u6821\u300d\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4f1a\u8846\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u4f1d\u9053\u30fb\u6f14\u8aac\u8a13\u7df4\u3092\u884c\u3046\u300c\u795e\u6a29\u5ba3\u6559\u5b66\u6821\u300d\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u8056\u66f8\u7ffb\u8a33\u3092\u59d4\u5631\u3057\u30011950\u5e74\u304b\u3089\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u520a\u884c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f1961\u5e74\u306b\u300e\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u8a33\u8056\u66f8\uff08New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures\uff09\u300f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b8c\u5168\u7248\u304c\u51fa\u7248\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u3068\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u9010\u8a9e\u8a33\u65b0\u7d04\u8056\u66f8\u300eThe Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures\u300f\u3084\u3001\u8056\u66f8\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178\u300eAid to Bible Understanding\u300f\u3082\u5236\u4f5c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30021972\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001\u9577\u8001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5949\u4ed5\u306e\u50d5\uff08\u57f7\u4e8b\uff09\u306e\u8077\u304c\u4f1a\u8846\u306b\u5fa9\u6d3b\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4efb\u547d\u306f\u672c\u90e8\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u884c\u308f\u308c\u305f\u3002[44]\n\n\n\n

\u30af\u30ce\u30fc\u30a2\u306e\u526f\u4f1a\u9577\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f Frederick William Franz \u306f\u3001\u56e3\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u795e\u5b66\u8005\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u6559\u7fa9\u5909\u66f4\u306e\u901f\u5ea6\u306f\u7de9\u3084\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u30021945\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u8f38\u8840\u306f\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30021961\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u8089\u4e2d\u306e\u8840\u3092\u98df\u3079\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u300e\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u300f\u8a8c\u306f\u3001\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u98df\u8089\u5e97\u3067\u8ca9\u58f2\u3055\u308c\u308b\u52d5\u7269\u3084\u5bb6\u79bd\u304c\u9069\u5207\u306b\u8840\u629c\u304d\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u6307\u793a\u3057\u305f\u3002[46][47]\n\n\n\n

\u8a95\u751f\u65e5\u795d\u8cc0\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7570\u6559\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3092\u7406\u7531\u3068\u3057\u30661951\u5e74\u306b\u300c\u597d\u307e\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\uff08objectionable\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[48] \u307e\u305f\u3001\u4f1a\u54e1\u9593\u3067\u8a31\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u308b\u884c\u52d5\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u660e\u793a\u7684\u898f\u5247\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3001\u61f2\u6212\u63aa\u7f6e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u6392\u65a5\uff08disfellowshipping\uff09\u304c\u3088\u308a\u91cd\u8996\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002[49]\n\n\n\n

\u6226\u5f8c\u306e\u6570\u5e74\u9593\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3001\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u90e8\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u8af8\u56fd\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6210\u4eba\u7537\u6027\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u304c\u5175\u5f79\u62d2\u5426\u3092\u7406\u7531\u306b\u6295\u7344\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u7279\u306b\u3001\u30dd\u30eb\u30c8\u30ac\u30eb\u3001\u30b9\u30da\u30a4\u30f3\u3001\u30a4\u30bf\u30ea\u30a2\u3001\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u3001\u6771\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u3001\u30eb\u30fc\u30de\u30cb\u30a2\u3067\u306f\u53b3\u3057\u3044\u6271\u3044\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u30021967\u5e74\u304b\u30891975\u5e74\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u8907\u6570\u56fd\u3067\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u8feb\u5bb3\u304c\u958b\u59cb\u3055\u308c\u30011972\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u30de\u30e9\u30a6\u30a4\u3067\u306e\u6bba\u5bb3\u3084\u66b4\u884c\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u6700\u592721,000\u4eba\u304c\u30b6\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u306e\u96e3\u6c11\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d7\u3078\u9003\u308c\u305f\u30021975\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30e2\u30b6\u30f3\u30d3\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u4f1a\u54e17,000\u4eba\u304c\u902e\u6355\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5171\u7523\u4e3b\u7fa9\u518d\u6559\u80b2\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d7\u3078\u9001\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002[50]\n\n\n\n

\u30af\u30ce\u30fc\u30a2\u4f1a\u9577\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u3001\u30a8\u30db\u30d0\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u306e\u4f1a\u54e1\u6570\u306f108,000\u4eba\u304b\u3089200\u4e07\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3078\u3068\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u3002[45]\n\n\n\n

1975\u5e74\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u4e88\u6e2c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1966\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u8a3c\u4eba\u306e\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u306f\u3001\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5343\u5e74\u7d71\u6cbb\u304c1975\u5e74\u672b\u306b\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u671f\u5f85\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u305f\u3002[51][52][53][54] 1925\u5e74\u306b\u898b\u3089\u308c\u305f\u8208\u596e\u30fb\u671f\u5f85\u30fb\u5931\u671b\u306e\u5faa\u74b0\u3092\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3059\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u8a3c\u4eba\u306e\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u3084\u5927\u4f1a\u8b1b\u6f14\u306f\u30011975\u5e74\u3092\u795e\u304c\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u300c\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6642\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f37\u8abf\u3057\u305f\u3002[55] \u300c\u8fd1\u3044\u5c06\u6765\u306f\u3001\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3067\u6e80\u305f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u2026\u2026\u591a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u6570\u5e74\u4ee5\u5185\u306b\u3001\u3053\u306e\u300e\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u306e\u65e5\u300f\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8056\u66f8\u9810\u8a00\u306e\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u6210\u5c31\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u306a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[56]\n\n\n\n

1971\u5e749\u670815\u65e5\u53f7\u306e\u300e\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u300f\u8a8c\u306f\u3001\u300c\u3053\u306e\u4e16\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u8077\u696d\u306f\u307e\u3082\u306a\u304f\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u3092\u8fce\u3048\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8b66\u544a\u3057\u3001\u82e5\u8005\u305f\u3061\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u300c\u6c7a\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u306a\u3044\u672a\u6765\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u300e\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u300f\u3078\u95a2\u5fc3\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3079\u304d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u52a9\u8a00\u3057\u305f\u3002[57]\n\n\n\n

1971\u5e74\u306e\u300e\u76ee\u3056\u3081\u3088\uff01\u300f\u8a8c\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u306f\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u53f26,000\u5e74\u306e\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3042\u305f\u308b1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u534a\u3070\u306b\u3001\u300c\u58ee\u5927\u306a\u5b89\u606f\u3068\u89e3\u653e\u306e\u5927\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u300d\u304c\u6765\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u80f8\u8e8d\u308b\u5e0c\u671b\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u305f\u3002[58] \u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u30cf\u30eb\u30de\u30b2\u30c9\u30f3\u5230\u6765\u3092\u898b\u8d8a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e8b\u696d\u3084\u5bb6\u3092\u58f2\u5374\u3057\u3001\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u8f9e\u3081\u3001\u533b\u7642\u51e6\u7f6e\u3092\u5ef6\u671f\u3057\u3001\u5bb6\u65cf\u3092\u6301\u3064\u8a08\u753b\u3092\u5148\u9001\u308a\u3057\u305f\u3002[59][60] 1974\u5e745\u6708\u53f7\u306e\u3001\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9\u30ec\u30bf\u30fc\u300eOur Kingdom Ministry\u300f\u306f\u3001\u6b8b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300c\u77ed\u3044\u6642\u9593\u300d\u306b\u4f1d\u9053\u3078\u5c02\u5ff5\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u81ea\u5b85\u3084\u8ca1\u7523\u3092\u58f2\u5374\u3057\u305f\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u3092\u79f0\u8cdb\u3057\u305f\u3002[61]\n\n\n\n

\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u6587\u66f8\u306f\u30011975\u5e74\u304c\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u7d42\u672b\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3068\u65ad\u5b9a\u306f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001[62] \u300c\u6642\u9593\u306f\u6025\u901f\u306b\u5c3d\u304d\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308b\u300d[63]\u3001\u300c\u30cf\u30eb\u30de\u30b2\u30c9\u30f3\u307e\u3067\u6b8b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u305b\u3044\u305c\u3044\u3042\u3068\u6570\u5e74\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d[64] \u3068\u8b66\u544a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30021970\u5e74\u306e\u5de1\u56de\u5927\u4f1a\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300c1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u306b\u4e16\u754c\u3092\u5f81\u670d\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u8ab0\u304b\uff1f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u516c\u958b\u8b1b\u6f14\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u305f\u3002[65] 1975\u5e74\u3001\u30aa\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30ea\u30a2\u3067\u306e\u6f14\u8aac\u3067\u3001\u5354\u4f1a\u526f\u4f1a\u9577\u306e Frederick William Franz \u306f\u30011975\u5e749\u67085\u65e5\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u65e5\u4ed8\u3092\u3001\u300c\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u90aa\u60aa\u306a\u4f53\u5236\u306e\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a00\u53ca\u3059\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002[66]\n\n\n\n

\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u300c\u305d\u306e\u65e5\u305d\u306e\u6642\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u8ab0\u3082\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30a4\u30a8\u30b9\u306e\u8a00\u8449\u3092\u201c\u3082\u3066\u3042\u305d\u3076\u201d\u3079\u304d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3068\u8aed\u3055\u308c\u3001\u300c\u3080\u3057\u308d\u3001\u3053\u306e\u4e8b\u7269\u306e\u4f53\u5236\u306e\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u304c\u6025\u901f\u306b\u3001\u3057\u304b\u3082\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u306b\u8fd1\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u92ed\u304f\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[67] \u30d0\u30d7\u30c6\u30b9\u30de\u6570\u306f\u30011966\u5e74\u306e\u7d0459,000\u4eba\u304b\u3089\u30011974\u5e74\u306b\u306f297,000\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3078\u6025\u5897\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u30571975\u5e74\u3078\u306e\u671f\u5f85\u304c\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u4f1a\u54e1\u6570\u306f\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u305f\u3002[59][68]\n\n\n\n

1976\u5e74\u3001\u300e\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u300f\u8a8c\u306f\u30011975\u5e74\u4e88\u6e2c\u306e\u5931\u6557\u306b\u300c\u5931\u671b\u3057\u305f\u300d\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u304c\u300c\u8aa4\u3063\u305f\u524d\u63d0\u300d\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u898b\u65b9\u3092\u4fee\u6b63\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u52a9\u8a00\u3057\u305f\u3002[69] 1980\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u6cbb\u4f53\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u308b\u300c\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u3078\u306e\u8b1d\u7f6a\u63d0\u6848\u300d\u304c\u8907\u6570\u56de\u5426\u6c7a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f8c\u3001[70] \u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u306f\u30011975\u5e74\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u671f\u5f85\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u305f\u8cac\u4efb\u304c\u81ea\u3089\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a8d\u3081\u305f\u3002[71]\n\n\n\n

1976\u5e74\u2013\u73fe\u5728<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5e74\u8868\u20141976\u20132026\u5e74<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1976\u5e74\u3000\u7d71\u6cbb\u4f53\u304c\u4e3b\u5c0e\u6a29\u3092\u638c\u63e1
1980\u5e74\u3000\u30d6\u30eb\u30c3\u30af\u30ea\u30f3\u672c\u90e8\u4e0a\u7d1a\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30d5\u306e\u7c9b\u6e05
1995\u5e74\u3000\u300c1914\u5e74\u306e\u4e16\u4ee3\u304c\u30cf\u30eb\u30de\u30b2\u30c9\u30f3\u3092\u898b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6559\u3048\u3092\u653e\u68c4
2008\u5e74\u3000\u300c\u4e16\u4ee3\u300d\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u300c\u6cb9\u305d\u305d\u304c\u308c\u305f\u8005\u306e\u6b8b\u308a\u306e\u8005\u300d\u306b\u5909\u66f4
2010\u5e74\u3000\u300c\u4e16\u4ee3\u300d\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u300c1914\u5e74\u5f53\u6642\u751f\u304d\u3066\u3044\u305f\u6cb9\u305d\u305d\u304c\u308c\u305f\u8005\u3068\u91cd\u306a\u308b\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u751f\u304d\u308b\u6cb9\u305d\u305d\u304c\u308c\u305f\u8005\u300d\u306b\u5909\u66f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u767a\u5c55<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1976\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30a8\u30db\u30d0\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u306e\u6307\u5c0e\u4f53\u5236\u306f\u518d\u7de8\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4f1a\u9577\u8077\u306e\u6a29\u9650\u306f\u30a8\u30db\u30d0\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u306e\u7d71\u6cbb\u4f53\u3078\u79fb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u57f7\u7b46\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u3001\u4f1d\u9053\u6d3b\u52d5\u306a\u3069\u3092\u76e3\u7763\u3059\u308b6\u3064\u306e\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u304c\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[72] \u3053\u306e\u9803\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u3067\u306f\u300cJehovah\u2019s Witnesses\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u8868\u8a18\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u30021977\u5e74\u306b\u30af\u30ce\u30fc\u30a2\u304c\u6b7b\u53bb\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001Frederick William Franz \u304c\u30da\u30f3\u30b7\u30eb\u30d9\u30cb\u30a2\u5dde\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u4f1a\u9577\u306b\u5c31\u4efb\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1980\u5e744\u6708\u304b\u30895\u6708\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3001\u30d6\u30eb\u30c3\u30af\u30ea\u30f3\u672c\u90e8\u306e\u4e0a\u7d1a\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30d5\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7c9b\u6e05\u304c\u5b9f\u65bd\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u4e0a\u5c64\u90e8\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u304c\u3001\u7279\u306b1914\u5e74\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u6559\u7fa9\u306b\u7570\u8b70\u3092\u5531\u3048\u3001\u300c\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u7406\u89e3\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5224\u660e\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002[73][74]\n\n\n\n

\u5e74\u4ee3\u8a08\u7b97\u6559\u7fa9\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4e0d\u5b89\u306f\u30011980\u5e74\u521d\u982d\u306b\u306f\u3059\u3067\u306b\u7d71\u6cbb\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30022\u6708\u306b\u306f\u30011914\u5e74\u3092\u751f\u304d\u3066\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u4eba\u3005\u304c\u6025\u901f\u306b\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8e0f\u307e\u3048\u3001\u7d71\u6cbb\u4f53\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc3\u540d\u304c\u3001\u300c\u30cf\u30eb\u30de\u30b2\u30c9\u30f3\u3092\u898b\u308b\u4e16\u4ee3\u300d\u3068\u306f1957\u5e74\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u30bd\u9023\u306e\u4eba\u5de5\u885b\u661f\u30b9\u30d7\u30fc\u30c8\u30cb\u30af\u6253\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u4ee5\u964d\u306b\u751f\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e16\u4ee3\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5927\u80c6\u306a\u6559\u7fa9\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u63d0\u6848\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u63d0\u6848\u306f\u3001\u30cf\u30eb\u30de\u30b2\u30c9\u30f3\u306e\u671f\u9650\u309243\u5e74\u9593\u5ef6\u9577\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3060\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001\u591a\u6570\u6d3e\u306e\u652f\u6301\u3092\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002[75][76]\n\n\n\n

\u516c\u5f0f\u6559\u7fa9\u3078\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u4e0d\u6e80\u306f\u62e1\u5927\u3057\u7d9a\u3051\u3001\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u79d8\u5bc6\u8abf\u67fb\u3084\u53f8\u6cd5\u5be9\u554f\u3078\u3068\u767a\u5c55\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6392\u65a5\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8005\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5143\u7d71\u6cbb\u4f53\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u306e Raymond Franz \u3082\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u6392\u65a5\u8005\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u6cbb\u4f53\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u304b\u3089\u300c\u970a\u7684\u59e6\u6deb\u8005\u300d\u300c\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u306b\u75c5\u3093\u3060\u8005\u300d\u300c\u72c2\u4eba\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u305f\u3002[73]\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u7c9b\u6e05\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30ab\u30ca\u30c0\u3001\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u3001\u5317\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u3067\u5206\u88c2\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3001\u4e0d\u6e80\u3092\u62b1\u304f\u5143\u8a3c\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7de9\u3084\u304b\u306a\u96c6\u56e3\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u96e2\u8131\u8005\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6392\u65a5\u8005\u3078\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3092\u3088\u308a\u53b3\u683c\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u3002[73][74][77][78]\n\n\n\n

1992\u5e74\u3001\u5f53\u6642\u7d71\u6cbb\u4f53\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f Milton George Henschel \u304c\u3001\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30c4\u306e\u5f8c\u4efb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30da\u30f3\u30b7\u30eb\u30d9\u30cb\u30a2\u5dde\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u4f1a\u9577\u306b\u5c31\u4efb\u3057\u305f\u30022000\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u6cbb\u4f53\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u6559\u7fa9\u554f\u984c\u3078\u5c02\u5ff5\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u304a\u3088\u3073\u305d\u306e\u95a2\u9023\u6cd5\u4eba\u306e\u5f79\u54e1\u8077\u3092\u8f9e\u4efb\u3057\u305f\u3002[79] \u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001Don Alden Adams \u304c\u30d8\u30f3\u30b7\u30a7\u30eb\u306e\u5f8c\u4efb\u4f1a\u9577\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002[80][81] \u30a2\u30c0\u30e0\u30ba\u306e\u6b7b\u5f8c\u30012014\u5e74\u306b\u306f Robert Ciranko \u304c\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u4f1a\u9577\u306b\u5c31\u4efb\u3057\u305f\u3002[82]\n\n\n\n

2004\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u5dde\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30a6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u4e16\u754c\u672c\u90e8\u3092\u5efa\u8a2d\u3059\u308b\u6e96\u5099\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30d6\u30eb\u30c3\u30af\u30ea\u30f3\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u307f\u306e\u5854\u5354\u4f1a\u306e\u4e0d\u52d5\u7523\u304c\u6b21\u3005\u3068\u58f2\u5374\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u65b0\u672c\u90e8\u306f2016\u5e74\u306b\u5b8c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u3002[83][84]\n\n\n\n

\u6559\u7fa9\u5909\u66f4<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1995\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300c\u3053\u306e\u4e16\u4ee3\uff08this generation\uff09\u300d\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u30a4\u30a8\u30b9\u306e\u8a00\u8449\uff08\u30de\u30bf\u30a424\u7ae034\u7bc0\uff09\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u5909\u66f4\u304c\u767a\u8868\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[85] \u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u524d\u306e40\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308a\u3001\u30a8\u30db\u30d0\u306e\u8a3c\u4eba\u306f\u30011914\u5e74\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3092\u898b\u305f\u4e16\u4ee3\u306f\u3001\u30cf\u30eb\u30de\u30b2\u30c9\u30f3\u5230\u6765\u524d\u306b\u6b7b\u306b\u7d76\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3068\u6559\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002[86]\n\n\n\n

2008\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300c\u4e16\u4ee3\u300d\u306f\u300c\u6cb9\u305d\u305d\u304c\u308c\u305f\u8005\u306e\u6b8b\u308a\u306e\u8005\uff08remnant of the anointed\uff09\u300d\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3068\u518d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[87] \u3055\u3089\u306b2010\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u30011914\u5e74\u5f53\u6642\u751f\u304d\u3066\u3044\u305f\u6cb9\u305d\u305d\u304c\u308c\u305f\u8005\u305f\u3061\u3068\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u306b\u751f\u304d\u308b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u6cb9\u305d\u305d\u304c\u308c\u305f\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u751f\u6daf\u304c\u91cd\u306a\u308a\u5408\u3046\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u3067\u300c\u4e16\u4ee3\u300d\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u518d\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u306f\u30cf\u30eb\u30de\u30b2\u30c9\u30f3\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002[88]\n\n\n\n

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\u5f15\u7528\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1.  Draw Close to Jehovah<\/em>, Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 2002, page 157.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2.  Officers’ Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of the WATCH TOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY<\/em>. p. 3. … for public Christian worship of Almighty God and Christ Jesus.<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3.  “Russia Supreme Court bans Jehovah’s Witness congregation”, Jurist Legal News and Research<\/em>, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, December 10, 2009.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4.  Jehovah’s Witnesses in the Divine Purpose<\/em>, Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 1959, page 32, 33.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5.  M. James Penton Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em> 3rd ed. (2015) p. 94<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6.  Rogerson, Alan (1969). Millions Now Living Will Never Die: A Study of Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em>. Constable & Co, London. p. 5. ISBN<\/a> 0-0945-5940-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7.  “Walking in the Path of Increasing Light”. The Watchtower<\/em>: 26\u201329. 15 February 2006. the resolution stated: “… we desire to be known as and called by the name, to wit, Jehovah’s witnesses.”<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8.  Crompton, Robert (1996). Counting the Days to Armageddon<\/em>. Cambridge: James Clarke & Co. p. 101. ISBN<\/a> 0-227-67939-3<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  9.  Penton 1997<\/a>, p. 62.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  10.  “A New Name”, The Watch Tower<\/em>, October 1, 1931, page 296\u2013297.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  11.  “Riches of the Full Assurance of Our Understanding”, The Watchtower<\/em>, October 15, 1950, page 387.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  12.  Wills, Tony (2006). A People For His Name<\/em>. Lulu Enterprises. pp. 149\u2013151. ISBN<\/a> 978-1-4303-0100-4<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  13.  Rogerson, Alan (1969). Millions Now Living Will Never Die: A Study of Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em>. Constable & Co, London. p. 57. ISBN<\/a> 0-0945-5940-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  14.  Penton 1997<\/a>, p. 64.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  15.  Raymond Franz, In Search of Christian Freedom<\/em>, Commentary Press, 2007. Chapter 4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  16.  “Modern History of Jehovah\u2019s Witnesses, Restoration of Theocratic Organization”, The Watchtower<\/em>, June 1, 1955, “The final change-over to a theocratic organization of Jehovah\u2019s witnesses occurred in 1938 … Similarly today the power of appointment of all servants in congregations rightfully rests with the governing body of the ‘faithful and discreet slave’ class, which is under the direct supervision of Christ Jesus at the temple. These powers do not rest democratically with the congregations.”<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  17.  Consolation<\/em>, 4 September 1940, pg 25, as cited by Penton, pg. 61.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  18.  Raymond Franz, In Search of Christian Freedom<\/em>, Commentary Press, 2007. Chapter 6.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  19.  Raymond Franz, Crisis of Conscience<\/em>, Commentary Press, 2007, page 235.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  20.  See March 31, 1930 Time<\/em> magazine, p. 60.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  21.  Jehovah’s Witnesses in the Divine Purpose,<\/em> Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 1959, page 140.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  22.  Jehovah’s Witnesses\u2014Proclaimers of God’s Kingdom<\/em>. Watchtower. 1993. pp. 84\u201385.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  23.  Yearbook, Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 1975, page 147.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  24.  J. F. Rutherford, Salvation<\/em>, Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 1939, pages 25-28, 59, 337.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  25.  Kaplan, William (1989). State and Salvation: The Jehovah’s Witnesses and their Fight for Civil Rights<\/em>. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 55. ISBN<\/a> 0-8020-5842-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  26.  Rogerson, Alan (1969). Millions Now Living Will Never Die: A Study of Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em>. Constable & Co, London. pp. 62\u201363. ISBN<\/a> 0-0945-5940-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  27.  Penton 1997<\/a>, pp. 71, 129.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  28.  “United States Holocaust Memorial Museum”<\/a>. Retrieved February 22, 2005.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  29.  Hans Hesse (2001). Persecution and Resistance of Jehovah’s Witnesses During the Nazi Regime<\/em><\/a>. p. 10. ISBN<\/a> 978-3-86108-750-2<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  30.  Garbe, Detlef (2008). Between Resistance and Martyrdom: Jehovah’s Witnesses in the Third Reich<\/em>. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. p. 102. ISBN<\/a> 978-0-299-20794-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  31.  Rogerson, Alan (1969). Millions Now Living Will Never Die: A Study of Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em>. Constable & Co, London. pp. 59, 62\u201363. ISBN<\/a> 0-0945-5940-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  32.  Kaplan, William (1989). State and Salvation: The Jehovah’s Witnesses and their Fight for Civil Rights<\/em>. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 65. ISBN<\/a> 0-8020-5842-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  33.  Kaplan, William (1989). State and Salvation: The Jehovah’s Witnesses and their Fight for Civil Rights<\/em>. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 109. ISBN<\/a> 0-8020-5842-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  34.  American Civil Liberties Union (1941). The Persecution of Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em><\/a> (PDF). pp. 1\u201324. Archived from the original<\/a> (PDF) on 2008-10-29. Retrieved 2008-10-29. Barbara Grizzuti Harrison<\/a> (1978). Visions of Glory<\/em><\/a>. pp. 185, 281. Jayne Persian (December 2005). “The Banning of Jehovah’s Witnesses in Australia in 1941”<\/a> (PDF). Adelaide Company of Jehovah’s Witnesses, Inc. v. The Commonwealth of Australia<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  35.  Penton 1997<\/a>, p. 89.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  36.  See, e.g., Cantwell v. State of Connecticut<\/a><\/em>, Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire<\/a><\/em>, West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette<\/a><\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  37.  Barbara Grizzuti Harrison, Visions of Glory<\/em>, 1978, chapter 6.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  38.  Whalen, William J. (1962). Armageddon Around the Corner: A Report on Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em>. New York: John Day Company. p. 190.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  39.  Rogerson, Alan (1969). Millions Now Living Will Never Die: A Study of Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em>. Constable & Co, London. pp. 59, 61. ISBN<\/a> 0-0945-5940-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  40.  Schnell, William (1971). 30 Years a Watchtower Slave<\/em>. Baker Book House, Grand Rapids. pp. 104\u2013106. ISBN<\/a> 0-8010-6384-1<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  41.  Heather and Gary Botting<\/a>, The Orwellian World of Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em>, University of Toronto Press, 1984, page 41.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  42.  Raymond Franz, Crisis of Conscience<\/em>, Commentary Press, 2007, page 74.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  43.  Penton 1997<\/a>, p. 86.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  44.  Jehovah’s Witnesses\u2014Proclaimers of God’s Kingdom<\/em>, p. 106<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  45.  Raymond Franz, Crisis of Conscience<\/em>, Commentary Press, 2007, page 72.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  46.  Whalen, William J. (1962). Armageddon Around the Corner: A Report on Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em>. New York: John Day Company. p. 198.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  47.  “Questions from readers”, The Watchtower<\/em>, November 1, 1961, pages 669\u2013670.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  48.  “Questions From Readers,” The Watchtower,<\/em>, October 1, 1951, page 607.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  49.  Raymond Franz, In Search of Christian Freedom<\/em>, Commentary Press, 2007, chapter 8.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  50.  Penton 1997<\/a>, pp. 145\u2013146.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  51.  Life Everlasting in Freedom of the Sons of God<\/em><\/a> (PDF). Watch Tower Society. 1966. pp. 29\u201335. Archived from the original<\/a> (PDF) on 2012-02-20. Retrieved 2009-04-04. as cited by Raymond Franz, Crisis of Conscience<\/em>, chapter 9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  52.  “How Much Longer Will It Be?”<\/a> (PDF). Awake!<\/em>. October 8, 1966. pp. 17\u201320.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  53.  See 1975: ‘THE APPROPRIATE TIME FOR GOD TO ACT’<\/a> Archived<\/a> 2008-12-11 at the Wayback Machine<\/a>. Page 14 of the October 8, 1968 Awake!<\/em> demonstrates the disclaimer that was made at the time: “Does this mean that the above evidence positively points to 1975 as the complete end of this system of things? Since the Bible does not specifically state this, no man can say…If the 1970s should see intervention by Jehovah God to bring an end to a corrupt world drifting toward ultimate disintegration, that should surely not surprise us.”<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  54.  See “Witnessing the End” in the July 18, 1969 Time<\/em> magazine. Scan available online at: http:\/\/www.dannyhaszard.com\/time1975.jpg<\/a> accessed February 14, 2006<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  55.  Life Everlasting in Freedom of the Sons of God<\/em><\/a> (PDF). Watch Tower Society. 1966. pp. 29\u201335. Archived from the original<\/a> (PDF) on 2012-02-20. Retrieved 2009-04-04..<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  56.  Watchtower<\/em>, May 1, 1968, as cited by Raymond Franz, Crisis of Conscience<\/em>, chapter 9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  57.  The Watchtower<\/em>, 15 September 1971, page 563<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  58.  “Time of Rest and Refreshment at Hand”, Awake!<\/em>, October 8, 1971, page 27.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  59.  Raymond Franz. “1975\u2014The Appropriate Time for God to Act”. Crisis of Conscience<\/em><\/a> (PDF). pp. 237\u2013253. Archived from the original on 2003-12-09. Retrieved 2006-07-27.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  60.  Holden, Andrew (2002). Jehovah’s Witnesses: Portrait of a Contemporary Religious Movement<\/em><\/a>. Routledge<\/a>. pp. 151\u20134<\/a>. ISBN<\/a> 0-415-26610-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  61.  Kingdom Ministry<\/em>, May 1974, page 3, “Reports are heard of brothers selling their homes and property and planning to finish out the rest of their days in this old system in the pioneer service. Certainly this is a fine way to spend the short time remaining before the wicked world\u2019s end.”<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  62.  Penton 1997<\/a>, p. 95.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  63.  Awake!<\/em>, May 1, 1968, pages 272,273.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  64.  Awake!<\/em>, October 8, 1968, page 13.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  65.  “Announcements”, Our Kingdom Ministry<\/em>, July 1970<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  66.  George D. Chryssides, Historical Dictionary of Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em>, Scarecrow Press, 2008, pg lx.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  67.  “Why Are You Looking Forward to 1975?”, The Watchtower<\/em>, August 15, 1968, page 501.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  68.  This drop in membership has been variously analyzed. Richard Singelenberg (“The ‘1975’-prophecy and its impact among Dutch Jehovah’s Witnesses”<\/a> Archived<\/a> 2015-10-01 at the Wayback Machine<\/a>) in Sociological Analysis<\/em> 50(1)1989, pp 23\u201340 notes a nine per cent drop in total publishers (door-to-door preachers) and a 38 per cent drop in pioneers (full-time preachers) in the Netherlands. Stark and Iannoccone have analyzed the impact on US Witnesses. “Why the Jehovah’s Witnesses Grow So Rapidly: A Theoretical Application”<\/a> (PDF). The Journal of Contemporary Religion<\/em>: 142\u2013143. 1997. Archived from the original<\/a> (PDF) on 2004-12-05. The January 30, 1982 Los Angeles Times<\/em> (“Defectors Feel ‘Witness’ Wrath: Critics say Baptism Rise Gives False Picture of Growth” by John Dart, p. B4) cited statistics showing a net increase of publishers worldwide from 1971\u20131981 of 737,241, while baptisms totaled 1.71 million for the same period.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  69.  “A Solid Basis for Confidence”, Watchtower<\/em>, July 15, 1976, page 441.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  70.  According to Raymond Franz, proposals were put to the Governing Body in 1976, 1977 and 1979 to acknowledge the error, but Milton Henschel and others recommended they ignore the matter and hope Witnesses would eventually forget about it. Crisis of Conscience<\/em>, page 250.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  71.  The Watchtower<\/em>, March 15, 1980, p.17 “With the appearance of the book Life Everlasting\u2014in Freedom of the Sons of God<\/em>, … considerable expectation was aroused regarding the year 1975. … there were other statements published that implied that such realization of hopes by that year was more of a probability than a mere possibility. It is to be regretted that these latter statements apparently overshadowed the cautionary ones and contributed to a buildup of the expectation already initiated. … persons having to do with the publication of the information<\/em> … contributed to the buildup of hopes centered on that date.”<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  72.  1977 Yearbook, Watch Tower Society, as cited by Penton 1997<\/a>, p. 220<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  73.  Penton 1997<\/a>, pp. 117\u2013123.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  74.  Heather and Gary Botting, The Orwellian World of Jehovah’s Witnesses<\/em>, University of Toronto Press, 1984, pages 158\u2013165.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  75.  Penton 1997<\/a>, p. 218.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  76.  Copy of proposal as presented to Governing Body reproduced in Raymond Franz, Crisis of Conscience<\/em>, 1997, page 262.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  77.  Raymond Franz, Crisis of Conscience<\/em>, Commentary Press, 2007, chapters 11\u201312.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  78.  John Dart, “Defectors Feel Witnsses’ Wrath”, Los Angeles Times<\/em>, January 30, 1982, Part II, page 4, “The Sept. 15 Watchtower magazine told members that anyone who has written a letter of resignation should be shunned as if he had been ‘disfellowshipped’, or expelled … ‘This is a hardening, a tightening, of our policy,’ confirmed William Van De Wall, a headquarters spokesman for the Watchtower Society. Denying any great membership losses, Van De Wall said the new directive was to counteract ‘disgruntled’ ex-members.”<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  79.  Georges D. Chryssides, “Historical Dictionary of Jehovah’s Witnesses”, 2008, p.22<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  80.  “Jehovah’s Witnesses Order Changes at Top”, Grand Rapids Press<\/em>, Grand Rapids, Michigan, October 14, 2000, p. B5<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  81.  “New Leadership Structure for Jehovah’s Witnesses”, Deseret News<\/em>, Salt Lake City, Utah, October 10, 2000, p. A02<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  82.  George D. Chryssides. Jehovah’s Witnesses: Continuity and Change<\/em>. p. 143.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  83.  “Jehovah Witness World HQ project moving forward”<\/a>. The Warwick Advertiser.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  84.  “Jehovah’s Witnesses new world HQ nearly complete”<\/a>. The Warwick Advertiser.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  85.  See \u201d1914 and \u2018This Generation\u2019\u201d, pp. 254\u2013272 in Crisis of Conscience<\/em> by Raymond Franz<\/a>. Available online at: https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20060208160353\/http:\/\/users.volja.net\/izobcenec4\/coc\/10.pdf<\/a> accessed February 12, 2006<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  86.  “He shows the beginning of this time and how the troubles increase, and mentions some of the sorrows to fall on the world, during the time of trouble. The length of time is indicated by him when he said, ‘Truly I say to you that this generation will by no means pass away until all these things occur.’ (Matt. 24:34, NW) The actual meaning of these words is, beyond question, that which takes a ‘generation’ in the ordinary sense, as at Mark 8:12 and Acts 13:36, or for those who are living at the given period. So it was on ‘this generation’ that the accumulated judgments were to fall. (Matt. 23:36) This therefore means that from 1914 a generation shall not pass till all is fulfilled, and amidst a great time of trouble. Vision of the ‘Time of the End’, The Watchtower<\/em>, July 1951, p. 404<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  87.  The Watchtower<\/em>, February 15, 2008, page 24 paragraph 15: “As a group, those anointed comprise the present “generation” of contemporaries who won’t pass away “until all the things come to pass.”<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  88.  “United in Love\u2014Annual Meeting Report”. The Watchtower<\/em>: 4. June 15, 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  89.  “A Time To Keep Awake”, The Watchtower<\/em> (November 1, 1995), p. 19 par. 12, and p. 20 par. 15.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

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